Your knee meniscus is a fibrocartilage that separates thigh bone (femur) from your shin bone (tibia). It is commonly referred to as your "cartilage". Each knee joint has two menisci: a medial and lateral meniscus.

The menisci of the knee have unique shape. They are a wedged, kidney shape. The menisci act like a wedge to assist with the rotational stability created by the anterior cruciate ligament.

The menisci also act as a shock absorber. As we walk, run, and jump the knee absorbs tremendous forces. The menisci help to absorb these forces so that the bone surfaces are not damaged. The amount of force increases exponentially as the speed of movement increases from walking to running to jumping. The menisci disperse the compressive forces over the entire knee rather than isolating them.

How Do You Injure Your Meniscus? 

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One of the most common problems involving the knee joint is an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. The anterior cruciate ligament is one of four ligaments that are critical to the stability of the knee joint.

The ACL is made of tough fibrous material and functions to control excessive motion by limiting joint mobility. Of the four major ligaments of the knee, the ACL injury is the most common knee ligament injury. 

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